Which of the following is a major input to an MRP system?

The master production schedule (MPS) serves as a crucial input to a Material Requirements Planning (MRP) system because it outlines the quantities of finished goods to be produced over specific time periods. This schedule informs the MRP system of what products need to be made, in what quantities, and when they are required, enabling accurate material and inventory planning.

By having the MPS as a foundational element, the MRP can effectively determine the raw materials and components necessary to meet the production targets outlined in the master production schedule. This alignment ensures that the production process runs smoothly and efficiently, minimizing the risk of material shortages or overproduction.

In contrast, while the sales and operation plan, capacity plan, and shop floor activity planning and control provide valuable information and context for managing production and resources, they do not directly specify the timing and quantity of finished goods needed, making the master production schedule the more direct and significant input for MRP systems.