In which of the following plans is taken the decision to build a new plant?

The decision to build a new plant is typically made in the context of the business plan. This plan outlines the strategic direction of the organization, including long-term goals, investment in new facilities, and overall capacity planning. In this context, the business plan encompasses financial projections, resource allocations, and market analysis guiding such significant capital expenditures.

Sales and operations planning focuses on balancing supply and demand at a tactical level, coordinating the sales forecast with production and logistical capabilities, but it does not usually include high-level strategic decisions like constructing a new plant. Similarly, the master production schedule and final assembly schedule are operational tools used for managing specific production activities and do not involve decisions about infrastructure investment like new plant construction.

Therefore, the business plan is the appropriate framework for strategic decisions, including the establishment of new manufacturing facilities.